INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

Written by - C. Laltlanzuala, Scientist B, Patent Information Centre, MISTIC

(Published in VANGLAINI daily newspaper, 26 April, 2019)

Kan tunlai khawvel, tharum ngahte aia mi thluak thate dinchanna khawvela kan chen tawh lai leh, information technology avanga khawvel pang lehlama thil thleng pawh, a thlen rual deuh thawa awlsam taka kan hriat zung zung theih tawhna leh, thurûk pawh thuhrûk a harsat tawhna khawvelah hian, kan dinkhawchhuah ve theihna tura ngaihtuahna, tha leh zung kan sente hi a taka chantir a nih chiah hian, midang te hian awlsam takin an lo entawn ve zung zung thei tawh thin a, kan “idea” hmanga kan siam chaw bêl chu nasa takin min rawn chuhpui thei ta thin a, chumi lak atanga lo invenna chu Intellectual Property Rights kan tih chu a ni.

 Engnge Intellectual Property chu ni ta?

Thil engpawh, mipui mamawh leh duhzâwng nia kan hriat, kan ngaihtuahna atanga kan siam chhuah leh eizawnna atana hman zui tlâk heng – khawl lam thil te, lehkhabu leh hla phuah te, hming/symbol leh lemziah te, film siam te leh damdawi lam siam chhuahte hi Intellectual Property kan tih chu a ni.

 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) pawimawhnate

Atira kan sawi tawh ang khan kan tunlai khawvelah chuan thil theh darh hi a awlsam lutuk tawh a, kan idea atanga kan thil siam chhuah tha tak mai, phûng zinga piring vawrh ang maia hralh tla tur pawh hi midangin a thlalak leh video atangin awlsam takin an lo entawn ve zung zung thei tawh a, entawn an tam zawh poh leh kan hlawk lo tulh tulh mai dawn a ni. Chumi lo veng tur leh kan thil siam chhuah/hmuhchhuah chu midang lo entawn ve tumte lo khap bet thei tura dikna chanvo sawrkarin min pek chu Intellectual Property Rights chu a ni a, hemi hmang hian kan thil hmuhchhuah chu entawn tum midang, a saptawnga “copycat” an tih mai te lakah kan humhalh thei dawn a ni.

IPR chi hrang hrang te

IPR kan tih mai hi hlawm lian deuh deuh panga ah then sawm leh a ni a, chung te chu a mal mal in han sawi leh ta ila:-

1. Patent:Patent chu mipui mamawh tur thil, khawl lam chi emaw, damdawi lam chi pawh huam telin, khawvela la awm ngai lo, kan ngaihtuahna leh kan hriatna hmanga kan siam chhuah, midangin kan siamchhuah ang chiaha an lo siam chhawn ve tawh lohna tura venhimna dân a ni.Entirnan, mizo pa pakhatin electric current hmanga kuhva thel faina khawl a siam chhuak a, sawrkarah Patent file in dan ang taka Patent nei turin a buaipui a, Patent a neih tawh chuan a khawl siam chhuah ang chiaha lo siam chhuak a, lo hralh ve hote kha dan hmanga thubuai siamsak theihna a nei tawh ang a, hei hian nasa takin a hlawkna midangin an lo tel tur a veng dawn a ni. Kan khawvel thiamna sâng zelah a pawimawhna kan hmu chho tulh tulh dawn a, khawvela smartphone siamchhuaktu company lian pahnih Apple leh Samsung inkâra Patent thubuai ringawt pawh ngaihnawm tham zet a awm a ni.   Chutih rual chuan Patent right neih hi thil awlai tak a ni lem lo a, hemi nei tur hian tehfung pawimawh tak tak pathum a awm a. Chungte chu-

            (i)  Khawvela la awm ngai lo thil thar a ni tur a ni. Hei hi “Novelty” tih a ni a. Kan thil siamchhuah chu eng anga tha pawh nise a ang deuh chiah khawvel hmun danga a lo awm tawh chuan Patent right hi neih theih a ni chuang lo. Hemi atan hian khawvel hmun hrang hranga Patent file tawh te dah thatna hmun, database te nasa taka chinleh a ngai thin a, hemi zawn chhuah hi a hautak hle.

            (ii) A hmanna tura thil dang lo awm tawhsa te aiin a tha zawk tur a ni. Hei hi chu “Inventive step” tih a ni ve thung. Hemi awmzia chu, a chunga kan sawi tak electric current hmanga kuhva thel faina khawl khian minute khatah kuhva pum sawmruk te a thel fai thei a, chuti a nih chuan kuhva thel faina atana kan lo hman tlânglawn tawh chemte tahhriam aiin a let engemaw zatin a tha zawk tihna a ni a, hei hi Inventive Step awmzia chu a ni.

            (iii) A pathumna ah chuan, kan thil siam chhuah chuan a nih dan tur ang takin hna a thawk thei tur a ni a, tin siam chhawn theih thil a ni bawk tur a ni. Hei hi “Industrial applicability” tih a ni.

 Patent right hi file a nih atanga kum sawmhnih chhung a nung a, mahse renew theih a ni lo thung.

2. Trade Mark- Trade Mark chu sumdawnna lam khawihtu ten mipui te hnena an intarlanna symbol ti ila a fiah deuh ber awm e, an thil zawrh ang zuar ve midangte laka an thil siam emaw anmahni bik an inchhinchhiahna a ni. Trade Mark atan hian thumal emaw number emaw a inkawp pawhin a hman theih a, symbol design danglam deuh pawh a hman theih bawk. Lam rik awlsam, mi dangte pawisawi lo a ni tur a ni a, sakhaw inhuatna tilang thei thil emaw zahmawh lam rawngkai a ni tur a ni lo. Midangte Trade Mark hman tawh sa nena inang lutuk tur ang chi hi register theih a ni lo. Trade Mark register tawh hi kum sawm chhung a nung a, renew leh zel theih a ni. Mizo te zingah pawh mahni sumdawnna atan a hman tur Trade Mark register te pawh an awm ve nual tawh a ni.
3. Design- Design chu kan thil siam chhuah te, a lei tu mipui te mit la thei tura pawn lam hmel hmang lan dan a ni a. Mahse hetah hian token card te, label leh stamp te hi designa telh theih a ni lo. A chhan chu a cheimawina tel lo hian paper hlang ringawt a nih tawh vang a ni. Design registration a fel hnu hian kan design chu midangin kan phalna la hmasa loin an entawn ngawt thiang tawh lo. A tehfung langsar zualah chuan kha kan design kha a awmna article leh a anpuiah a hman theih vek tur a ni a, mita en mai pawhin a danglamna a hriat tur a ni.
4. Copyright- Copyright chu thu leh hla lama tui mi te, rimawi lam tui te leh film siam lama tui te kutchhuak phalna nei lova midangin hlawkna atana an lo hman lohna tura danin a humhalhna a ni. Chi hrang hrangah then a ni a, chungte chu:
5. a) Artistic Works: Hei hian lemziak te, thil ker mawi lam te, thlalak lam (photography) lam te a huam.
6. b) Literary Works : Thu leh hla phuah lam chi, lehkhabu ziah te leh computer software lam te.
7. c) Cinematographic Works : Video, film leh movie lam chi te.
8. d) Musical works/sound recording : Hei hi chuan rimawi lam kaihhnawih thusawi record a huam thung.

Copyright bik hi IPR peng dang te ang lo takin registration nei tura dil ve kher a ngai lo a, a siamtu in a siam zawh rual rual khan copyright a nei nghal a, a right neitu in sawrkara register a duh pawhin a tih theih vek tho bawk. Copyright hi a dam rei hle a, a right neitu dam hun chhung bakah a thih atanga kum sawmruk chhung chu a la dam a ni.

5. Geographical Indication(GI)- GI chu hnam nunphung leh leilung nena inkaihhnawih thil siam chhuah humhalhna dan a ni ve thung a, hnam incheina chi hrang hrang te, ram pakhat leilunga awm bik thlai te hi GI hmanga humhalh theih a ni. Hemi tur hian, GI kan tihna tur item kha kan hnam nen a inkungkaihna te, a lo chhuahna te (proof of origin leh historical background), a nihphung leh pianzia te kha ziaka dah that a pawimawh hle a, hemi tel lo hian GI hi neih theih a ni lo. IPR peng dangte ang lo takin GI hi chu mimalin neih theih a ni lo a, pawl bika neih chi a ni a, kum sawm chhung a dam a, renew leh theih zel a ni. Thingpui tui tak “Darjeeling Tea” te, Assam ho “Muga Silk” te hi GI registration nei tawh thenkhat a ni. Horticulture department hma lakna in kum 2014 khan “Mizo Hmarcha” pawh hi register a lo ni tawh bawk a, chu mai chu duh tawk lovin Mizo thlai thenkhat pawh GI registration neih tum hian hmalakna an kalpui mek bawk a ni.

Mizo mipui ten Intellectual Property Right(IPR) lama hma kan sawn theihna atan leh mahni thiamna humhalh kawnga ke kan pen chak lehzual theih nan Mizoram Science, Technology & Innovation Council(MISTIC), Directorate of Science & Technology(DST) hnuaiah hian Patent Information Centre(PIC) din a ni a, he centre kaltlang hian IPR chungchang inhrilh hriatna awareness programme te hmun hrang hrangah neih thin a ni a, hei bakah hian  IPR file duh te pawh puih an lo ni tawh thin a, tualchher thiamna tui, grassroot-innovators kan tih mai te pawhin he PIC hi an hmang tangkai hle a ni.